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MongoDB

#lang-cpp #database #audience-developers 

MongoDB is a NoSQL database, developed by MongoDB Inc.

Note

For this guide you should be familiar with the basic concepts of supervisord.

License

All relevant legal information can be found here

Installation

Download MongoDB

Go to the MongoDB Community Server download page and select the current version, OS RedHat / CentOS 7.0, package tgz. Copy the download link and use wget to download it to your Uberspace:

[isabell@stardust ~]$ wget -O ~/mongodb.tgz https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.4.3.tgz
--2020-10-28 22:40:46--  https://fastdl.mongodb.org/linux/mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.4.3.tgz
Resolving fastdl.mongodb.org (fastdl.mongodb.org)... 99.86.2.52, 99.86.2.36, 99.86.2.55, ...
Connecting to fastdl.mongodb.org (fastdl.mongodb.org)|99.86.2.52|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 71253687 (68M) [application/gzip]
Saving to: ‘/home/isabell/mongodb.tgz’

100%[==============================================================================================================================>] 71.253.687  22,9MB/s   in 3,0s

2020-10-28 22:40:49 (22,9 MB/s) - ‘/home/isabell/mongodb.tgz’ saved [71253687/71253687]

[isabell@stardust ~]$

Extract the archive

Use tar to extract the archive. To only extract the binaries, specify the relative path mongo*/bin and use --strip-components=1 to remove the mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.4.1/ prefix from the path.

[isabell@stardust ~]$ tar xfv mongodb.tgz mongo*/bin/ --strip-components=1
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.4.1/bin/install_compass
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.4.1/bin/mongo
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.4.1/bin/mongod
mongodb-linux-x86_64-rhel70-4.4.1/bin/mongos
[isabell@stardust ~]$

You can now delete the archive:

[isabell@stardust ~]$ rm mongodb.tgz
[isabell@stardust ~]$

Download MongoDB Tools

Go to the MongoDB Tools download page and select the current version, OS RedHat / CentOS 7.0 x86_64, package tgz. Copy the download link and use wget to download it to your Uberspace:

[isabell@stardust ~]$ wget -O ~/mongodb_tools.tgz https://fastdl.mongodb.org/tools/db/mongodb-database-tools-rhel70-x86_64-100.2.0.tgz
--2020-10-28 22:44:20--  https://fastdl.mongodb.org/tools/db/mongodb-database-tools-rhel70-x86_64-100.2.0.tgz
Resolving fastdl.mongodb.org (fastdl.mongodb.org)... 99.86.2.50, 99.86.2.52, 99.86.2.55, ...
Connecting to fastdl.mongodb.org (fastdl.mongodb.org)|99.86.2.50|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 67141659 (64M) [binary/octet-stream]
Saving to: ‘/home/isabell/mongodb_tools.tgz’

100%[==============================================================================================================================>] 67.141.659  41,3MB/s   in 1,5s

2020-10-28 22:44:22 (41,3 MB/s) - ‘/home/isabell/mongodb_tools.tgz’ saved [67141659/67141659]

[isabell@stardust ~]$

Extract the tool archive

Use tar to extract the archive. To only extract the binaries, specify the relative path mongo*/bin and use --strip-components=1 to remove the mongodb-database-tools-rhel70-x86_64-100.2.0/ prefix from the path.

[isabell@stardust ~]$ tar xfv mongodb_tools.tgz mongo*/bin/ --strip-components=1
mongodb-database-tools-rhel70-x86_64-100.2.0/bin/bsondump
mongodb-database-tools-rhel70-x86_64-100.2.0/bin/mongodump
mongodb-database-tools-rhel70-x86_64-100.2.0/bin/mongoexport
mongodb-database-tools-rhel70-x86_64-100.2.0/bin/mongofiles
mongodb-database-tools-rhel70-x86_64-100.2.0/bin/mongoimport
mongodb-database-tools-rhel70-x86_64-100.2.0/bin/mongorestore
mongodb-database-tools-rhel70-x86_64-100.2.0/bin/mongostat
mongodb-database-tools-rhel70-x86_64-100.2.0/bin/mongotop
[isabell@stardust ~]$

You can now delete the archive:

[isabell@stardust ~]$ rm mongodb_tools.tgz
[isabell@stardust ~]$

Create database folder

Create the folder ~/mongodb. Your databases will be stored there.

[isabell@stardust ~]$ mkdir ~/mongodb
[isabell@stardust ~]$

Configuration

Setup daemon

Use your favourite editor to create the file ~/etc/services.d/mongodb.ini with the following content.

[program:mongodb]
command=mongod
  --dbpath %(ENV_HOME)s/mongodb
  --bind_ip 127.0.0.1
  --auth
  --unixSocketPrefix %(ENV_HOME)s/mongodb
autostart=yes
autorestart=yes

After creating the configuration, tell supervisord to refresh its configuration and start the service:

[isabell@stardust ~]$ supervisorctl reread
SERVICE: available
[isabell@stardust ~]$ supervisorctl update
SERVICE: added process group
[isabell@stardust ~]$ supervisorctl status
SERVICE                            RUNNING   pid 26020, uptime 0:03:14
[isabell@stardust ~]$

If it’s not in state RUNNING, check your configuration.

Create root user

Choose a root password or generate a random one using this snippet:

[isabell@stardust ~]$ pwgen 32 1
randompassword
[isabell@stardust ~]$

Create ~/mongodb/setup.js. Replace <username> with your Uberspace user name and <password> with the password you just chose or generated.

db.createUser(
   {
     user: "<username>_mongoroot",
     pwd: "<password>",
     roles: [ "root" ]
   }
)

Use mongo to run setup.js.

[isabell@stardust ~]$ mongo admin ~/mongodb/setup.js
MongoDB shell version v4.4.3
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/admin?compressors=disabled&gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("5309a64f-0c83-44a6-83d9-bdb347a94af0") }
MongoDB server version: 4.4.3
Successfully added user: { "user" : "mongodb_mongoroot", "roles" : [ "root" ] }
[isabell@stardust ~]$

.mongorc.js (optional)

To make CLI access using the mongo command easier, you can create a ~/.mongorc.js file. Every command in this file is executed whenever you run mongo, so to avoid having to enter your password every time, you can store an authentication command there. Replace <username> and <password> with your own values.

db = connect("mongodb://<username>_mongoroot:<password>@127.0.0.1:27017/admin")

Now you can just run mongo to connect to your MongoDB instance:

[isabell@stardust ~]$ mongo
MongoDB shell version v4.4.3
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?compressors=disabled&gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("cb614de8-7748-4530-b4d4-d42f0e430424") }
MongoDB server version: 4.4.3
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/admin
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("2ec1cc81-3c00-45a9-9f1c-423f7f5d46be") }
MongoDB server version: 4.4.3
---
The server generated these startup warnings when booting:
       2020-10-28T22:49:35.811+01:00: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'. We suggest setting it to 'never'
       2020-10-28T22:49:35.811+01:00: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'. We suggest setting it to 'never'
       2020-10-28T22:49:35.811+01:00: Soft rlimits too low
       2020-10-28T22:49:35.811+01:00:         currentValue: 1024
       2020-10-28T22:49:35.811+01:00:         recommendedMinimum: 64000
---
---
       Enable MongoDB's free cloud-based monitoring service, which will then receive and display
       metrics about your deployment (disk utilization, CPU, operation statistics, etc).

       The monitoring data will be available on a MongoDB website with a unique URL accessible to you
       and anyone you share the URL with. MongoDB may use this information to make product
       improvements and to suggest MongoDB products and deployment options to you.

       To enable free monitoring, run the following command: db.enableFreeMonitoring()
       To permanently disable this reminder, run the following command: db.disableFreeMonitoring()

>

You can exit the shell by entering exit.

Updates

When a new version of MongoDB is released, use the following steps to update your installation.

Warning

You may need to perform additional steps to upgrade to the latest version. Please read the release notes before you begin.

Stop your MongoDB

[isabell@stardust ~]$ supervisorctl stop mongodb
mongodb: stopped
[isabell@stardust ~]$

Download and extract

Go through the same steps as above to download and extract the archive.

Restart and check version

Restart your MongoDB and login to check the version.

[isabell@stardust ~]$ supervisorctl start mongodb
mongodb: started
[isabell@stardust ~]$ mongo
MongoDB shell version v4.4.3
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/?compressors=disabled&gssapiServiceName=mongodb
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("cb614de8-7748-4530-b4d4-d42f0e430424") }
MongoDB server version: 4.4.3
connecting to: mongodb://127.0.0.1:27017/admin
Implicit session: session { "id" : UUID("2ec1cc81-3c00-45a9-9f1c-423f7f5d46be") }
MongoDB server version: 4.4.3
---
The server generated these startup warnings when booting:
       2020-10-28T22:49:35.811+01:00: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'. We suggest setting it to 'never'
       2020-10-28T22:49:35.811+01:00: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'. We suggest setting it to 'never'
       2020-10-28T22:49:35.811+01:00: Soft rlimits too low
       2020-10-28T22:49:35.811+01:00:         currentValue: 1024
       2020-10-28T22:49:35.811+01:00:         recommendedMinimum: 64000
---
---
       Enable MongoDB's free cloud-based monitoring service, which will then receive and display
       metrics about your deployment (disk utilization, CPU, operation statistics, etc).

       The monitoring data will be available on a MongoDB website with a unique URL accessible to you
       and anyone you share the URL with. MongoDB may use this information to make product
       improvements and to suggest MongoDB products and deployment options to you.

       To enable free monitoring, run the following command: db.enableFreeMonitoring()
       To permanently disable this reminder, run the following command: db.disableFreeMonitoring()

> exit
bye
[isabell@stardust ~]$

Tested with MongoDB 4.4.3, MongoDB Tools 100.2.0, Uberspace 7.8.1.0

Written by: Nico Graf <hallo@uberspace.de>